How do we discern what "law" the Apostle Paul is speaking of in his epistles? Codified or Spiritual?
There are two-laws at play here. When Paul speaks of the law and it is NOT qualified by Spirit or "law of the Spirit," Paul speaks of Sinai-Moses-the codified law belonging to Israel.
Paul makes a clear distinction in his letter to the Church at Rome and differentiates between "the law of the Spirit of life" (spiritual law) and the "law of sin and death" (codified law) (Romans 8:2; Romans 7:6).
Law, the spiritual law (Romans 2:14-15), has been extant in the human heart subsequent Day-6 as an arbiter of free will and we see that law at work in Elohim's judgment of the Adamic and Noahic generations and their defilement that grieved His heart (Genesis 6) and it's interesting to note that "where there is no law there is no sin" (Romans 4:15; 5:13); therefore, we know that Elohim is not unjust and His judgment of the Adamic/Noahic generations by water was just because the spiritual law was written upon their heart and therefore condemned them, a judgment worthy of death by water save eight and they were ultimately "without excuse" (Romans 1:18-32).
Furthermore, Elohim, not desiring a repeat of the failures of the Adamic/Noahic generations, codified specific laws into stone and scratched them upon parchment through Moses; these, given Jacob's children for sanctification and eschatological purposes concerning thwarting Israel's compromise with Baal and Molech while preparing Jacob's children for the introduction of Messiah Who would "destroy the works of the devil" (1 John 3:8b) via the "Gospel" ordained "before Time began" (2 Timothy 1:8-10).
Though Sinai and Moses have served their purposes, the spiritual law written upon the human heart remains extant today in the New Covenant and will continue as relevant throughout Eternity as free will is extant in the New Jerusalem by necessity.
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